Background and aims: Self-injury behaviors in people with borderline personality disorder can be an important signs towards identifying these dsorders and is accompanied with harmful consequences. The aim of the current study was to investigate predicting self-injury behavior based on distress tolerance and self-compassion in people with borderline personality disorder.

Methods: This research was a corretional descriptive study. All men with borderline personality disorder, referred to the psychiatric ward of Imam Sajjad (AS) hospital of Tehran in the first half of 2012, compromised the statistical population of current study. Ninety and four people were selected by convenience sampling from this population. After clinical interveiw, they were asked to respond to questionnaire of Deliberate Self-Harm and distress tolerance scales and
self-compassion. Then, data were analyzed via Pearson correlation test and multiple regression analysis by SPSS software.

Results: The results showed self-harming behaviors have negative correlation with total score of distress tolerance (r=-0.26, P<0.012), and total score of self-compassion (r=-0.31, P<0.002). Also the results of regression analysis showed that 13% of variance of self-harming behaviors was explained by distress tolerance (F=3.23, P<0.01) and 31% variance of it was explained by
self-compassion (F=6.55, P<0.001).

Conclusion: These results showed that the lack of distress intolerance and low self-compassion can predict self-harming behaviors of people with borderline personality disorder.